3.0 KiB
3.0 KiB
数据库日志管理
一:日志管理
1. 日志分类
- error log(错误日志):启动,停止,关闭失败报错。rpm安装日志位置 /var/log/mysqld.log
- 通用查询日志:所有的查询都记下来
- bin log(二进制日志):实现备份,增量备份。只记录改变数据,除了select都记
- relay log(中继日志):读取主服务器的binlog,在本地回放。保持一致
- slow log(慢查询日志):指导调优,定义某一个查询语句,定义超时时间,通过日志提供调优建议给开发人员
- DDL log: 定义语句的日志
2. Error log
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
3. Binary Log
产生binlog日志:修改配置文件,添加如下配置
log-bin=/var/log/mysql-bin/slave2
server-id=2
[root@mysql ~]# mkdir /var/log/mysql-bin
[root@mysql ~]# chown mysql.mysql /var/log/mysql-bin/
[root@mysql ~]# systemctl restart mysqld
注:
1. 重启mysqld 会截断旧日志产生新的日志
2. 刷新日志会截断旧日志产生新的日志
mysql> flush logs
3. 删除所有binlog(禁用)
mysql> reset master
4. 删除部分日志
mysql> PURGE BINARY LOGS TO 'mysql-bin.010';
mysql> PURGE BINARY LOGS BEFORE '2016-04-02 22:46:26';
5. 暂停binlog日志功能(仅对当前会话生效)
mysql> SET SQL_LOG_BIN=0;
mysql> SET SQL_LOG_BIN=1;
读取binlog日志:
mysqlbinlog mysql.000001
按datetime读取:
# mysqlbinlog mysql.000001 --start-datetime="2018-12-05 10:02:56"
# mysqlbinlog mysql.000001 --stop-datetime="2018-12-05 11:02:54"
# mysqlbinlog mysql.000001 --start-datetime="2018-12-05 10:02:56" --stop-datetime="2018-12-05 11:02:54"
按position读取:
# mysqlbinlog mysql.000001 --start-position=260
# mysqlbinlog mysql.000001 --stop-position=260
# mysqlbinlog mysql.000001 --start-position=260 --stop-position=930
4. Slow Query Log
开启慢查询日志:
[root@mysql ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
slow_query_log=1
slow_query_log_file=/var/log/mysql-slow/slow.log
long_query_time=3 设置慢查询超时时间 单位是:秒
创建对应目录:
[root@mysql ~]# mkdir /var/log/mysql-slow
[root@mysql ~]# chown mysql.mysql /var/log/mysql-slow/
重启服务:
[root@mysql ~]# systemctl restart mysqld
验证:
[root@mysql ~]# mysql -uroot -p'Wdjsi@313'
mysql> select sleep(6);
+----------+
| sleep(6) |
+----------+
| 0 |
+----------+
1 row in set (6.00 sec)
mysql> exit
Bye
[root@mysql ~]# cat /var/log/mysql-slow/slow.log
/usr/sbin/mysqld, Version: 5.7.30-log (MySQL Community Server (GPL)). started with:
Tcp port: 0 Unix socket: /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
Time Id Command Argument
# Time: 2025-03-11T11:20:18.734540Z
# User@Host: root[root] @ localhost [] Id: 2
# Query_time: 6.001048 Lock_time: 0.000000 Rows_sent: 1 Rows_examined: 0
SET timestamp=1741692018;
select sleep(6);