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# 一、Mysql
#### 1、编译安装mysql5.7
1、清理安装环境
```shell
# yum erase mariadb mariadb-server mariadb-libs mariadb-devel -y
# userdel -r mysql
# rm -rf /etc/my*
# rm -rf /var/lib/mysql
```
2、创建mysql用户
```shell
[root@mysql-server ~]# useradd -r mysql -M -s /sbin/nologin
-M 不创建用户的家目录
```
3、从官网下载tar包
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-boost-5.7.27.tar.gz
4、安装编译工具
```shell
# yum -y install ncurses ncurses-devel openssl-devel bison gcc gcc-c++ make
cmake:
# yum -y install cmake
```
5、创建mysql目录
```shell
[root@mysql-server ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/{data,mysql,log}
```
6、解压
```shell
[root@mysql-server ~]# tar xzvf mysql-boost-5.7.27.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
```
7、编译安装
```shell
cd 解压的mysql目录
[root@mysql-server ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql-5.7.27/
[root@mysql-server mysql-5.7.27]# cmake . \
-DWITH_BOOST=boost/boost_1_59_0/ \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DINSTALL_MANDIR=/usr/share/man \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DWITH_SSL=system \
-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1
参数详解:
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \ 安装目录
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \ 配置文件存放 (默认可以不安装配置文件)
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \ 数据目录 错误日志文件也会在这个目录
-DINSTALL_MANDIR=/usr/share/man \ 帮助文档
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \ 默认端口
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock \ sock文件位置用来做网络通信的客户端连接服务器的时候用
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \ 默认字符集。字符集的支持,可以调
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \ 扩展的字符集支持所有的
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \ 支持的
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \ 上下翻历史命令
-DWITH_SSL=system \ 使用私钥和证书登陆(公钥) 可以加密。 适用与长连接。坏处:速度慢
-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \ 嵌入式数据库
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \ 从本地倒入数据,不是备份和恢复。
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 默认的存储引擎,支持外键
```
![image-20200802221701059](assets/image-20200802221701059.png)
```shell
[root@mysql-server mysql-5.7.27]# make -j4 && make install
如果安装出错,想重新安装:
不用重新解压只需要删除安装目录中的缓存文件CMakeCache.txt
```
![image-20200802221713343](assets/image-20200802221713343.png)
**需要很长时间!**大约半小时
8、初始化
```shell
[root@mysql-server mysql-5.7.27]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@mysql-server mysql]# chown -R mysql.mysql .
[root@mysql-server mysql]# ./bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data ---初始化完成之后,一定要记住提示最后的密码用于登陆或者修改密码
```
![image-20200802221725523](assets/image-20200802221725523.png)
初始化,只需要初始化一次
```shell
[root@mysql-server ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf ---如果打开文件有内容将文件中所有内容注释掉,在添加如下内容
[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql #指定安装目录
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data #指定数据存放目录
```
![image-20200802221735607](assets/image-20200802221735607.png)
9、启动mysql
```shell
[root@mysql-server ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@mysql-server mysql]# ./bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
启动之后再按一下回车!即可后台运行
```
![image-20200802221745479](assets/image-20200802221745479.png)
10、登录mysql
```shell
[root@mysql-server mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p'GP9TKGgY9i/8'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.27
Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> exit
```