336 lines
8.3 KiB
Markdown
336 lines
8.3 KiB
Markdown
<h1><center>利用kubernetes部署网站项目</center></h1>
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著作：行癫 <盗版必究>
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------
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## 一：环境准备
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#### 1.kubernetes集群
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集群正常运行，例如使用以下命令检查
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```shell
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[root@master ~]# kubectl get node
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NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
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master Ready control-plane,master 5d19h v1.23.1
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node-1 Ready <none> 5d19h v1.23.1
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node-2 Ready <none> 5d19h v1.23.1
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node-3 Ready <none> 5d19h v1.23.1
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```
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#### 2.harbor私有仓库
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主要给kubernetes集群提供镜像服务
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<img src="https://xingdian-image.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/xingdian-image/image-20220502184026483.png" alt="image-20220502184026483" style="zoom:50%;" />
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## 二：项目部署
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#### 1.镜像构建
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软件下载地址：
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```shell
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wget https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.20.2.tar.gz
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```
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项目包下载地址：
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```shell
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git clone https://github.com/blackmed/xingdian-project.git
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```
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构建centos基础镜像Dockerfile文件：
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```shell
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root@nfs-harbor ~]# cat Dockerfile
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FROM daocloud.io/centos:7
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MAINTAINER "xingdianvip@gmail.com"
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ENV container docker
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RUN yum -y swap -- remove fakesystemd -- install systemd systemd-libs
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RUN yum -y update; yum clean all; \
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(cd /lib/systemd/system/sysinit.target.wants/; for i in *; do [ $i == systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service ] || rm -f $i; done); \
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rm -f /lib/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/*;\
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rm -f /etc/systemd/system/*.wants/*;\
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rm -f /lib/systemd/system/local-fs.target.wants/*; \
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rm -f /lib/systemd/system/sockets.target.wants/*udev*; \
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rm -f /lib/systemd/system/sockets.target.wants/*initctl*; \
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rm -f /lib/systemd/system/basic.target.wants/*;\
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rm -f /lib/systemd/system/anaconda.target.wants/*;
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VOLUME [ "/sys/fs/cgroup" ]
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CMD ["/usr/sbin/init"]
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root@nfs-harbor ~]# docker bulid -t xingdian .
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```
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构建项目镜像：
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```shell
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[root@nfs-harbor nginx]# cat Dockerfile
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FROM xingdian
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ADD nginx-1.20.2.tar.gz /usr/local
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RUN rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*
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COPY CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/
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COPY epel.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/
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RUN yum clean all && yum makecache fast
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RUN yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ openssl openssl-devel pcre-devel zlib-devel make
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WORKDIR /usr/local/nginx-1.20.2
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RUN ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
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RUN make && make install
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WORKDIR /usr/local/nginx
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ENV PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/local/nginx/sbin
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EXPOSE 80
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RUN rm -rf /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
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COPY nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/
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RUN mkdir /dist
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CMD ["nginx", "-g", "daemon off;"]
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[root@nfs-harbor nginx]# docker build -t nginx:v2 .
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```
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注意：
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需要事先准备好Centos的Base仓库和epel仓库
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#### 2.上传项目到harbor
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修改镜像tag：
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```shell
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[root@nfs-harbor ~]# docker tag nginx:v2 10.0.0.230/xingdian/nginx:v2
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```
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登录私有仓库：
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```shell
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[root@nfs-harbor ~]# docker login 10.0.0.230
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Username: xingdian
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Password:
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```
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上传镜像：
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```shell
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[root@nfs-harbor ~]# docker push 10.0.0.230/xingdian/nginx:v2
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```
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注意：
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默认上传时采用https，因为我们部署的harbor使用的是http，所以再上传之前按照3-1进行修改
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#### 3.kubernetes集群连接harbor
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修改所有kubernetes集群能够访问http仓库，默认访问的是https
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```shell
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[root@master ~]# vim /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service
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ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --insecure-registry 10.0.1.13 --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock
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[root@master ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
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[root@master ~]# systemctl restart docker
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```
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kubernetes集群创建secret用于连接harbor
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```shell
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[root@master ~]# kubectl create secret docker-registry regcred --docker-server=10.0.0.230 --docker-username=diange --docker-password=QianFeng@123
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[root@master ~]# kubectl get secret
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NAME TYPE DATA AGE
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regcred kubernetes.io/dockerconfigjson 1 19h
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```
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注意：
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regcred：secret的名字
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--docker-server：指定服务器的地址
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--docker-username：指定harbor的用户
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--docker-password：指定harbor的密码
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#### 4.部署NFS
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部署NFS目的是为了给kubernetes集群提供持久化存储,kubernetes集群也要安装nfs-utils目的是为了支持nfs文件系统
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```shell
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[root@nfs-harbor ~]# yum -y install nfs-utils
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[root@nfs-harbor ~]# systemctl start nfs
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[root@nfs-harbor ~]# systemctl enable nfs
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```
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创建共享目录并对外共享
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```shell
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[root@nfs-harbor ~]# mkdir /kubernetes-1
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[root@nfs-harbor ~]# cat /etc/exports
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/kubernetes-1 *(rw,no_root_squash,sync)
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[root@nfs-harbor ~]# exportfs -rv
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```
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项目放入共享目录下
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```shell
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[root@nfs-harbor ~]# git clone https://github.com/blackmed/xingdian-project.git
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[root@nfs-harbor ~]# unzip dist.zip
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[root@nfs-harbor ~]# cp -r dist/* /kubernetes-1
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```
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#### 5.创建statefulset部署项目
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该yaml文件中除了statefulset以外还有service、PersistentVolume、StorageClass
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```shell
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[root@master xingdian]# cat Statefulset.yaml
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apiVersion: v1
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kind: Service
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metadata:
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name: nginx
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labels:
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app: nginx
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spec:
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type: NodePort
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ports:
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- port: 80
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name: web
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targetPort: 80
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nodePort: 30010
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selector:
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app: nginx
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---
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apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1
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kind: StorageClass
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metadata:
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name: xingdian
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provisioner: example.com/external-nfs
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parameters:
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server: 10.0.0.230
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path: /kubernetes-1
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readOnly: "false"
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---
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apiVersion: v1
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kind: PersistentVolume
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metadata:
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name: xingdian-1
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spec:
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capacity:
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storage: 1Gi
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volumeMode: Filesystem
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accessModes:
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- ReadWriteOnce
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storageClassName: xingdian
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nfs:
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path: /kubernetes-1
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server: 10.0.0.230
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---
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apiVersion: v1
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kind: PersistentVolume
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metadata:
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name: xingdian-2
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spec:
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capacity:
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storage: 1Gi
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volumeMode: Filesystem
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accessModes:
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- ReadWriteOnce
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storageClassName: xingdian
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nfs:
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path: /kubernetes-1
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server: 10.0.0.230
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---
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apiVersion: apps/v1
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kind: StatefulSet
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metadata:
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name: web
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spec:
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selector:
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matchLabels:
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app: nginx
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serviceName: "nginx"
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replicas: 2
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template:
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metadata:
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labels:
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app: nginx
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spec:
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terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 10
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containers:
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- name: nginx
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image: 10.0.0.230/xingdian/nginx:v2
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ports:
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- containerPort: 80
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name: web
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volumeMounts:
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- name: www
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mountPath: /dist
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volumeClaimTemplates:
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- metadata:
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name: www
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spec:
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accessModes: [ "ReadWriteOnce" ]
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storageClassName: "xingdian"
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resources:
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requests:
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storage: 1Gi
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```
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#### 6.运行
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```shell
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[root@master xingdian]# kubectl create -f Statefulset.yaml
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service/nginx created
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storageclass.storage.k8s.io/xingdian created
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persistentvolume/xingdian-1 created
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persistentvolume/xingdian-2 created
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statefulset.apps/web created
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```
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## 三：项目验证
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#### 1.pv验证
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```shell
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[root@master xingdian]# kubectl get pv
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NAME CAPACITY ACCESS MODES RECLAIM POLICY STATUS CLAIM STORAGECLASS REASON AGE
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xingdian-1 1Gi RWO Retain Bound default/www-web-1 xingdian 9m59s
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xingdian-2 1Gi RWO Retain Bound default/www-web-0 xingdian 9m59s
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```
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#### 2.pvc验证
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```shell
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[root@master xingdian]# kubectl get pvc
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NAME STATUS VOLUME CAPACITY ACCESS MODES STORAGECLASS AGE
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www-web-0 Bound xingdian-2 1Gi RWO xingdian 10m
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www-web-1 Bound xingdian-1 1Gi RWO xingdian 10m
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```
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#### 3.storageClass验证
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```shell
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[root@master xingdian]# kubectl get storageclass
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NAME PROVISIONER RECLAIMPOLICY VOLUMEBINDINGMODE ALLOWVOLUMEEXPANSION AGE
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xingdian example.com/external-nfs Delete Immediate false 10m
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```
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#### 4.statefulset验证
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```shell
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[root@master xingdian]# kubectl get statefulset
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NAME READY AGE
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web 2/2 13m
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[root@master xingdian]# kubectl get pod
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NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
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web-0 1/1 Running 0 13m
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web-1 1/1 Running 0 13m
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```
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#### 5.service验证
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```shell
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[root@master xingdian]# kubectl get svc
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NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
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nginx NodePort 10.111.189.32 <none> 80:30010/TCP 13m
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```
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#### 6.浏览器访问
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<img src="https://xingdian-image.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/xingdian-image/image-20220502193031689.png" alt="image-20220502193031689" style="zoom:80%;" />
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