165 lines
5.2 KiB
Markdown
165 lines
5.2 KiB
Markdown
<h2><center>Kibana</center></h2>
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------
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## 一：基本概念
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### 1. Kibana 简介
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Kibana 是一个开源的数据分析和可视化平台，它是 Elastic Stack（包括 Elasticsearch、Logstash、Kibana 和 Beats）的一部分，主要用于对 Elasticsearch 中的数据进行搜索、查看、交互操作。
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### 2. Kibana 功能
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- 数据可视化：Kibana 提供了丰富的数据可视化选项，如柱状图、线图等，帮助用户以图形化的方式理解数据
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- 数据探索：Kibana 提供了强大的数据探索功能，用户可以通过 Kibana 的界面进行数据筛选和排序
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- 仪表盘：用户可以将多个可视化组件组合在一起，创建交互式的仪表盘，用于实时监控数据
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- 机器学习：Kibana 还集成了 Elasticsearch 的机器学习功能，可以用于异常检测、预测等任务
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- 定制和扩展：Kibana 提供了丰富的 API 和插件系统，用户可以根据自己的需求定制和扩展 Kibana
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## 二：安装部署
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### 1. 获取安装包
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对应Elasticsearch版本获取Kibana的安装包
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官网获取：[Past Releases of Elastic Stack Software | Elastic](https://www.elastic.co/downloads/past-releases#kibana)
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```bash
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[root@kibana ~]# wget https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/kibana/kibana-8.13.4-linux-x86_64.tar.gz
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```
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### 2. 安装部署
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```bash
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[root@kibana ~]# tar xf kibana-8.13.4-linux-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
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[root@kibana ~]# mv /usr/local/kibana-8.13.4/ /usr/local/kibana
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[root@kibana ~]# mkdir /usr/local/kibana/config/certs
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```
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### 3. 修改配置
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```bash
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[root@kibana ~]# vim /usr/local/kibana/config/kibana.yml
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server.port: 5601
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server.host: "192.168.159.134"
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server.name: "kibana"
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elasticsearch.hosts: ["https://192.168.159.131:9200"]
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elasticsearch.username: "kibana"
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elasticsearch.password: "123456"
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elasticsearch.ssl.certificateAuthorities: [ "/usr/local/kibana/config/certs/elasticsearch-ca.pem" ]
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i18n.locale: "zh-CN"
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```
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### 4. 获取Elasticsearch 的CA证书
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```bash
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[root@kibana ~]# scp 192.168.159.131:/usr/local/elasticsearch/config/certs/elasticsearch-ca.pem /usr/local/kibana/config/certs/
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```
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### 5. 创建运行用户
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```bash
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[root@kibana ~]# useradd kibana
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[root@kibana ~]# echo kibana | passwd --stdin kibana
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[root@kibana ~]# chown -R kibana:kibana /usr/local/kibana/
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```
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### 6. 启动Kibana
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```bash
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[root@kibana ~]# su - kibana
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[kibana@kibana ~]$ /usr/local/kibana/bin/kibana
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```
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### 7. 常见故障
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```bash
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Error: [config validation of [elasticsearch].username]: value of "elastic" is forbidden. This is a superuser account that cannot write to system indices that Kibana needs to function. Use a service account token instead. Learn more: https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/8.0/service-accounts.html
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at ensureValidConfiguration (/usr/local/kibana/node_modules/@kbn/core-config-server-internal/src/ensure_valid_configuration.js:23:11)
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```
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解决方案：
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该版本的kibana在连接es集群中，不支持使用elasticsearch中elastic（超级管理员）账户连接
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在es集群中自带的kibana账户设定密码
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```bash
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[elasticsearch@elasticsearch1 ~]$ /usr/local/elasticsearch/bin/elasticsearch-reset-password -u kibana -i
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warning: ignoring JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/elasticsearch/jdk; using bundled JDK
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This tool will reset the password of the [kibana] user.
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You will be prompted to enter the password.
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Please confirm that you would like to continue [y/N]y
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Enter password for [kibana]:
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Re-enter password for [kibana]:
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Password for the [kibana] user successfully reset.
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```
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扩展：
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Elasticsearch中创建用户
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```bash
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[elasticsearch@elasticsearch1 ~]$ /usr/local/elasticsearch/bin/elasticsearch-users useradd test_account
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```
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为用户分配角色
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```bash
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[elasticsearch@elasticsearch1 ~]$ /usr/local/elasticsearch/bin/elasticsearch-users roles -a superuser test_account
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```
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### 8. 浏览器访问
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注意：
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用户名和密码是es集群登录的用户和密码
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## 三：配置使用
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注意：此部分的使用在做完《Logstash》中第一节和第二节后在使用
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### 1. Logstash采集到数据进行展示
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进入管理界面
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进入索引管理
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进入要管理的索引
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展示索引数据
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创建数据视图
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注意：
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- 这里我们就可以看到Logstash采集的数据，并以图形的方式展示
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- 在图形界面我们可以设置时间范围
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- 在图形界面我们可以设置时间自动刷新时间
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